Ciconiidae: Storks
Fregatidae: Frigatebirds
Sulidae: Gannets, Boobies
Anhingidae: Anhingas, Darters
Phalacrocoracidae: Cormorants, Shags
Threskiornithidae: Ibises, Spoonbills
Ardeidae: Herons, Bitterns
Pelecanidae: Pelicans
CICONIIDAE Sundevall, 1836
Ciconides C. J. Sundevall. “Ornithologiskt system.” Kong[liga] vetenskaps-akademiens handlingar, år 1835, [3rd ser., 24] (1836): 43–130, 122.
Ciconinæ George Robert Gray. A List of the Genera of Birds, with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. [London]: Richard and John E. Taylor, 1840:87,
Ciconiidæ Charles Lucien Bonaparte. “Conspectus systematis ornithologiæ.” In Revue critique de l’Ornithologie européenne de M. le Docteur Degland (de Lille). Lettre à M. De Selys Longchamps. Bruxelles [Brussels]: Imprimerie et librairie de Ve. Wouters, 1850: [115]–125, 124.
Mycteria Linnaeus, 1758
Mycteria Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:140.
Mycteria ibis (Linnaeus, 1766) Yellow-billed Stork
[Tantalus] Ibis Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 12th ed. Homiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1766, 1, pt. 1:241.
Mycteria ibis Philip Kahl. “Social Behavior and Taxonomic Relationships of the Storks.” Living Bird 10 (1971): 151–170, 166.
Anastomus Bonnaterre, 1791
Anastomus [P. J.] Bonnaterre. Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature. Ornithologie. Paris: Panckoucke, 1791, livr. 47: xciii. (Collated and republished in [P. J.] Bonnaterre and L. P. Vieillot. Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature. Ornithologie. Paris: Mme. veuve Agasse, 1823, pt. 1:lxxxii.)
Anastomus lamelligerus Temminck, 1823 African Openbill
Anastomus Lamelligerus C. J. Temminck. Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, pour servir de suite et de complément aux planches enluminées de Buffon, by C. J. Temminck and Meiffren Laugier de Chartrouse [G. M. J. Meiffren]. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1823, livr. 40: pl. 236, name on following page. (Collated and republished in Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d’oiseaux, pour servir de suite et de complément aux planches enluminées de Buffon, édition in-folio et in-4⁰ de l’Imprimerie royale, 1770, by C. J. Temminck and Meiffren Laugier de Chartrouse [G. M. J. Meiffren]. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1838, 5: pl. 236, name on following page [277].)
Ciconia Brisson, 1760
Ciconia M. J. Brisson. Ornithologie; ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés. A laquelle on a joint une description exacte de chaque espece, avec les citations des auteurs qui en ont traité, les noms quils leur ont donnés, ceux que leur ont donnés les différentes nations, & les noms vulgaires = Ornithologia; sive, Synopsis methodica sistens avium divisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates. Cum accurata cujusque speciei descriptione, citacionibus auctorum de iis tractantium, nominibus eis ab ipsis & nationibus impositis, nominibusque vulgaribus. Paris: Cl. Jean-Baptiste Bauche, 1760, 1:48 (table); 5:361 (text).
Ciconia nigra (Linnaeus, 1758) Black Stork
[Ardea] nigra Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:142.
Ciconia nigra Johann Matthäus Bechstein. Kurzgefasste gemeinnützige Naturgeschichte des In- und Auslandes für Schulen und häuslichen Unterricht. Bd. 1, Abt. 1, Säugethiere, Vögel, Amphibien. Leipzig: Siegfried Lebrecht Crusius, 1792:420. (Collated and republished in Kurzgefasste gemeinnützige Naturgeschichte der Gewächse des In- und Auslandes. Ein Lehrbuch zum Unterricht und Hülfsmittel zum Gebrauch bey andern Wissenschaften. Leipzig: Siegfried Lebrecht Crusius, 1796, 1:420.)
Ciconia abdimii Lichtenstein, 1823 Abdim’s Stork
C[iconia] Abdimii H. Lichtenstein. Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin, nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Säugethieren, Vögeln, Amphibien und Fischen. Berlin: T. Trautwein, 1823:76.
Ciconia episcopus (Boddaert, 1783) Woolly-necked Stork
Ardea Episcopus [P.] Boddaert. Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle de M. d’Aubenton. Avec les denominations de M. M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnæus et Latham, precedé d’une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés. Utrecht: [published by author?], 1783:54.
C[iconia] episcopus George Robert Gray. The Genera of Birds: Comprising Their Generic Characters, a Notice of the Habits of Each Genus, and an Extensive List of Species Referred to Their Several Genera. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1848, pt. 43: [??]. (Collated and republished in The Genera of Birds: Comprising Their Generic Characters, a Notice of the Habits of Each Genus, and an Extensive List of Species Referred to Their Several Genera. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1849, 3: [561].)
Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758) White Stork
[Ardea] Ciconia Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:142.
Ciconia ciconia Ernst Hartert. Katalog der Vogelsammlung in Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. Frankfurt a[m] M[ain]: Gebrüder Knauer, 1891:204.
Leptoptilos Lesson, 1831
Leptoptilos R. P. Lesson. Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, livr. 8:583. (Collated and republished in Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, 1:583.)
Leptoptilos crumenifer (Lesson, 1831) Marabou Stork
Ciconia crumenifera R. P. Lesson. Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, livr. 8:585. (Collated and republished in Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, 1:585.)
Leptoptilos crumenifera [John Edward Gray]. List of the Specimen of Birds in the Collection of the British Museum. Pt. 2, sect. 2, Gallinæ, Grallæ, and Anseres. London: Trustees [of the British Museum], 1844:89
Leptoptilos crumenifer G. Hartlaub. System der Ornithologie Westafrica’s. Bremen: Verlag von C. Schünemann, 1857:228. Since crumenifer is a masculine adjective, gender confirmed by Normand David and Michel Gosselin. “Gender Agreement of Avian Species-group Names under Article 31.2.2 of the ICZN Code.” Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 131, no. 2 (2011): 103–115, 105.
Leptoptilus crumeniferus John Kirk. “On the Birds of the Zambesi Region of Eastern Tropical Africa.” Ibis 6, nos. 23–24 (1864): 307–339, 333.
Leptoptilos Crumeniferus Edgar Leopold Layard. The Birds of South Africa: A Descriptive Catalogue of All the Known Species Occurring South of the 28th Parallel of South Latitude. Cape Town: J. C. Juta, 1867:316.
Leptoptilus crumenifer Anton Reichenow and Wilh. Lüder. “Briefliche Reiseberichte aus West-Afrika II.” Journal für Ornithologie, Jg. 21, Folge 4, Bd. 1, Heft 3, no. 123 (1873): 209–218, 212.
FREGATIDAE Hogg, 1846
Fregatidæ John Hogg. “On the Classification of Birds, and Particularly of the Genera of European Birds.” Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 41, no. 81 (1846): 50–71, 55.
Fregata Lacépède, 1799
Fregata Lacepède [Bernard-Germain-Étienne de La Ville-sur-Illon]. “Tableau des sous-classes, divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des oiseaux.” In Discours d’ouverture et de clôture du Cours d’histoire naturelle, donné dans le Muséum national d’histoire naturel, l’an VII de la République, et Tableaux méthodiques des mammifères et des oiseaux. Paris: Plassan, “an VII” [1799]: 15.
Fregatta James Francis Stephens. General Zoology; or, Systematic Natural History, Commenced by the Late George Shaw M.D. F.R.S. Vol. 13, pt. 1, Birds. London: J. and A. Arch; Longman, Hurst; E. Jeffery and Son; J. Mawman; Baldwin, Cradock and Joy; J. Booth; Sherwood; G. B. Whittaker; R. Scholey; S. Bagster; Rodwell and Martin; Saunders and Hodgson; Hamilton, Adams; Simpkin and Marshall; J. Duncan; T. and J. Allman; W. J. and J. Maynard; and Wightman and Cramp, “1825” [1826], 119.
Fregata aquila (Linnaeus, 1758) Ascension Frigatebird
[Pelecanus] Aquilus Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:133.
Fregatta Aquilus James Francis Stephens. General Zoology; or, Systematic Natural History, Commenced by the Late George Shaw M.D. F.R.S. Vol. 13, pt. 1, Birds. London: J. and A. Arch; Longman, Hurst; E. Jeffery and Son; J. Mawman; Baldwin, Cradock and Joy; J. Booth; Sherwood; G. B. Whittaker; R. Scholey; S. Bagster; Rodwell and Martin; Saunders and Hodgson; Hamilton, Adams; Simpkin and Marshall; J. Duncan; T. and J. Allman; W. J. and J. Maynard; and Wightman and Cramp, “1825” [1826], 120.
Fregata aquila Alcide d’Orbigny. Histoire physique, politique et naturelle de l’ile de Cuba, by Ramon de la Sagra. [Vol. 3, pt. 2], Ornithologie, by Alcide d’Orbigny. Paris: Arthus Bertrand, 1839:309 = Historia fisica, politica y natural de la isla de Cuba, by Ramon de la Sagra. Pt. 2, Historia natural. Tomo 3, Mamiferos y aves. [Pt. 2], Aves, by Alcide d’Orbigny. Paris: Paris: Libreria de Arthus Bertrand, 1839:208. (Publication order of editions unclear, the Catalogue of the Books, Manuscripts, Maps and Drawings in the British Museum (Natural History) seems to give preference to the French-language edition as the Spanish-language edition is “issued simultaneously with the French edition,” [B. B. Woodward], ed. Catalogue of the Books, Manuscripts, Maps and Drawings in the British Museum (Natural History), Vol. 4, P–SN. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1913:1781.)
Fregata magnificens Mathews, 1914 Magnificent Frigatebird
Fregata minor magnificens G. M. Mathews. “On the Species and Subspecies of the Genus Fregata.” Austral Avian Record 2, no. 6 (1914): [117]–121, 120.
F[regata] magnificens Walter Rothschild. “On the Genus Fregata.” Novitates Zoologica 22, no. 1 (1915): 145–146, 145.
Fregata minor (Gmelin, 1789) Great Frigatebird
[Pelecanus] minor Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:572.
Fregata minor Walter Lawry Buller. A History of the Birds of New Zealand. London: John Van Voorst, 1873: 342.
Fregata ariel (Gray, 1845) Lesser Frigatebird
A[tagen] Ariel George Robert Gray. The Genera of Birds: Comprising Their Generic Characters, a Notice of the Habits of Each Genus, and an Extensive List of Species Referred to Their Several Genera. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1845, pt. 9: [??]. (Collated and republished in The Genera of Birds: Comprising Their Generic Characters, a Notice of the Habits of Each Genus, and an Extensive List of Species Referred to Their Several Genera. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1849, 3: [669], pl. [185].)
Fregata ariel P. L. Sclater. “Reports on the Collection of Birds Made During the Voyage of H.M.S. ‘Challenger.’ No. III ‘On the Birds of the Admiralty Islands.'” Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, yr. 1877, pt. 3, no. 35 (1877): 551–557, 555.
SULIDAE Reichenbach, 1849
Sularinae [Ludwig Reichenbach]. Avium systema naturale. Natatores. Les Nageurs. Die Gattungen der Schwimmvögel aller Welttheile. Dresden and Leipzig: Expedition der vollständigsten Naturgeschichte, 1849, pl. vi. (Collated and republished in Handbuch der speziellen Ornithologie. Lief. 3, Avium systema naturale. Das natürliche System der Vögel mit hundred Tafeln größtenteils Original-Abbildungen der bis jetzt entdeckten fast zwölfhundert typischen Formen = Ornithologie méthodique; ou, Exposé des genres des oiseaux de toutes les parties du monde, réunissant les découvertes les plus récentes représentant à peu près mille et deux centtypes caractéristiques. Dresden and Leipzig: Expedition der vollständigsten Naturgeschichte, “1850” [1853]: pl. vi.)
Sulidae George N. Lawrence. “Tribe Totipalmi.” In Reports of Explorations and Surveys, to Ascertain the Most Practicable and Economical Route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, Made under the Direction of the Secretary of War, in 1853–6, According to Acts of Congress of March 8, 1853, May 31, 1854, and August 5, 1854. Vol. 9, General Report upon the Zoology of the Several Pacific Railroad Routes. Pt. 2 Birds, by Spencer F. Baird, with the co-operation of John Cassin and George N. Lawrence. House of Representatives, 33rd Congress, 2nd Session, Ex. Doc. No. 91. Washington, DC: A. O. P. Nicholson, 1858: [867].
Morus Vieillot, 1816
Morus L. P. Vieillot. Analyse d’une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire. Paris: Deterville, 1816:63.
Morus bassanus (Linnaeus, 1758) Northern Gannet
Pelecanus Bassanus Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:133.
Morus bassanus Louis-Pierre Vieillot [Louis Pierre Vieillot]. “Le Fou de Bassan, Morus bassanus, Vieill.” In Nouveau dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l’agriculture, à l’économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc., edited by Société de naturalistes et d’agriculteurs. 2nd ed. Paris: Deterville, 1817, 12:39–40, 39.
Morus capensis (Lichtenstein, 1823) Cape Gannet
D[ysporus] capensis H. Lichtenstein. Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin, nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Säugethieren, Vögeln, Amphibien und Fischen. Berlin: T. Trautwein, 1823:86.
Morus capensis William Lutley Sclater. Systema avium aethiopicarum: A Systematic List of the Birds of the Ethiopean Region. London: British Ornithologists’ Union, 1924, pt. 1:20. (Collated and republished in Systema avium aethiopicarum: A Systematic List of the Birds of the Ethiopean Region. London: British Ornithologists’ Union, 1930:20.)
Sula Brisson, 1760
Sula M. J. Brisson. Ornithologie; ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés. A laquelle on a joint une description exacte de chaque espece, avec les citations des auteurs qui en ont traité, les noms quils leur ont donnés, ceux que leur ont donnés les différentes nations, & les noms vulgaires = Ornithologia; sive, Synopsis methodica sistens avium divisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates. Cum accurata cujusque speciei descriptione, citacionibus auctorum de iis tractantium, nominibus eis ab ipsis & nationibus impositis, nominibusque vulgaribus. Paris: Cl. Jean-Baptiste Bauche, 1760, 1:60 (table); 6:495 (text).
Sula dactylatra Lesson, 1831 Masked Booby
Sula dactylatra R. P. Lesson. Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, livr. 8:601. (Collated and republished in Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, 1:601.)
Sula sula (Linnaeus, 1766) Red-footed Booby
[Pelecanus] Sula Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 12th ed. Homiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1766, 1, pt. 1:218.
Sula (Dysporus) sula Jules Verreaux and O. des Murs [Œillet des Murs]. “Description d’oiseaux nouveaux de la Nouvells-Calédonie et indication des espèces déjà connues de ce pays.” Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée, 2nd ser., 12 (October 1860): 431–443, 442.
S[ula] sula Robert Ridgway. A Manual of North American Birds. Philadelphia, PA: J. B. Lippincott, 1887:75.
Sula leucogaster (Boddaert, 1783) Brown Booby
Pelecanus Leucogaster [P.] Boddaert. Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle de M. d’Aubenton. Avec les denominations de M. M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnæus et Latham, precedé d’une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés. Utrecht: [published by author?], 1783:57.
[Sula] leucogaster George Robert Gray. Hand-list of Genera and Species of Birds, Distinguishing Those Contained in the British Museum. Pt. 3, Struthiones, Grallae, Anseres with Indices of Generic and Specific Names. London: Trustees [of the British Museum], 1871:126.
Sula leucogastra Osbert Salvin. “On the Avifauna of the Galapagos Archipelago.” Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9, no. 9 (1876): 447–510, 496.
Sula leucogaster leucogaster (Boddaert, 1783)
Sula leucogaster plotus (Forster, 1844)
Pelecanus Plotus Ioannes Reinoldus Forster [Johann Reinhold Forster].Descriptiones animalium quae in itinere ad Maris Australis terras per annos 1772, 1773 et 1774 suscepto. Edited by Henrico Lichtenstein [Hinrich Lichtenstein]. Berolini: Ex officina academica, 1844:278.
Sula leucogaster plotus Gregory M. Mathews and Tom Iredale. “A Reference List of the Birds of New Zealand. Part II.” Ibis, 10th ser., 1, no. 3 (1913): 402–452, 417.
ANHINGIDAE Reichenbach, 1849
Anhinginae Ludovicus Reichenbach [Ludwig Reichenbach]. Avium systema naturale. Natatores. Les Nageurs. Die Gattungen der Schwimmvögel aller Welttheile. Dresden and Leipzig: Expedition der vollständigsten Naturgeschichte, 1849, pl. vi. (Collated and republished in Handbuch der speziellen Ornithologie. Lief. 3, Avium systema naturale. Das natürliche System der Vögel mit hundred Tafeln größtenteils Original-Abbildungen der bis jetzt entdeckten fast zwölfhundert typischen Formen = Ornithologie méthodique; ou, Exposé des genres des oiseaux de toutes les parties du monde, réunissant les découvertes les plus récentes représentant à peu près mille et deux centtypes caractéristiques. Dresden and Leipzig: Expedition der vollständigsten Naturgeschichte, “1850” [1853]: pl. vi.)
Anhingidæ American Ornithologists’ Union Committee on Classification and Nomenclature. The Code of Nomenclature and Check-list of North American Birds: Adopted by the American Ornithologists’ Union. New York: American Ornithologists’ Union, 1886:108.
Anhinga Brisson, 1760
Anhinga M. J. Brisson. Ornithologie; ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés. A laquelle on a joint une description exacte de chaque espece, avec les citations des auteurs qui en ont traité, les noms quils leur ont donnés, ceux que leur ont donnés les différentes nations, & les noms vulgaires = Ornithologia; sive, Synopsis methodica sistens avium divisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates. Cum accurata cujusque speciei descriptione, citacionibus auctorum de iis tractantium, nominibus eis ab ipsis & nationibus impositis, nominibusque vulgaribus. Paris: Cl. Jean-Baptiste Bauche, 1760, 1:60 (table); 6:476 (text).
Anhinga rufa (Daudin, 1802) African Darter
Plotus rufus F. M. Daudin. “Tableau des sous-classes, divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des oiseaux. Avec l’indication des toutes les espèces décrites par Buffon, et leur distribution dans chaucun des genres,” by Lacepède [B. G. de Lacépéde] and F. M. Daudin. In Histoire naturelle, by Buffon [G.-L. Leclerc]. Vol. 14, Quadrupedes. Paris: Plassan, 1802, livr. 35:319?. (Collated and republished in Histoire naturelle, by Buffon [G.-L. Leclerc]. Vol. 38, Quadrupedes Vol. 14. Paris: F. Didot l’aîné and Firmin Didot, “1799” [1803?]: 319.)
Anhinga rufa Anton Reichenow. Die Vögel Afrikas. Neudamm: J. Neumann, 1900, 1, pt. 1:95. (Collated and republished in Die Vögel Afrikas. Neudamm: J. Neumann, 1901, 1:95.)
PHALACROCORACIDAE Reichenbach, 1853
Phalacrocoracinae L. Reichenbach. “Die Vögel. The Birds. Aves. Les oiseaux – Systema avium.” In Handbuch der speziellen Ornithologie. Lief. 3, Avium systema nature. Das natürliche System der Vögel. Mit hundert Tafeln größtenteils Original-Abbildungen der bis jetzt entdeckten fast zwölfhundert typischen Formen = Ornithologie méthodique; ou, Exposé des genres des oiseaux de toutes les parties du monde, réunissant les découvertes les plus récentes représentant a peu près mille et deux cent types charactérestiques. Dresden: Expedition der Vollständigsten Naturgeschichte, “1850” [1853]: vi.
Phalacrocoracidae George N. Lawrence. “Tribe Totipalmi.” In Reports of Explorations and Surveys, to Ascertain the Most Practicable and Economical Route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, Made under the Direction of the Secretary of War, in 1853–6, According to Acts of Congress of March 8, 1853, May 31, 1854, and August 5, 1854. Vol. 9, General Report upon the Zoology of the Several Pacific Railroad Routes. Pt. 2 Birds, by Spencer F. Baird, with the co-operation of John Cassin and George N. Lawrence. House of Representatives, 33rd Congress, 2nd Session, Ex. Doc. No. 91. Washington, DC: A. O. P. Nicholson, 1858:875.
Microcarbo Bonaparte, 1856
Microcarbo Ch. Bonaparte. “Excursion dans les divers Musées d’Allemagne, d’Hollande et de Belgique, et Tableaux paralléliques de l’ordre des Échassiers [Part 2].” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 43, no. 11 (1856): 571–579, 577.
Microcarbo pygmaeus (Pallas, 1773) Pygmy Cormorant
Pelecanus pygmeus P.S. Pallas. “Anhang zum zweiten Theil. Descriptiones animalium.” In Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des Rußischen Reichs. Pt. 2, Buch 2, Reise durch verschiedene Theile des Rußischen Reichs im 1771sten Jahr. St. Petersburg: Kaiserlichen Academie der Wissenschaften, 1773:712, pl. G.
Phalacrocorax pygmaeus Petro Pallas [Peter Pallas]. Zoographia rosso-asiatica, sistens omnium animalium in extenso imperio rossico, et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicilia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. Petropoli [Saint Petersburg]: Ex officina Caes. Academiae scientiarum, 1811, 2:300. (Republished as Zoographia rosso-asiatica, sistens omnium animalium in extenso imperio rossico, et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicilia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. Petropoli [Saint Petersburg]: In officina Caesareum Academiae scientiarum impress, 1831, 2:300.)
Pelecanus pygmaeus Christian Ludwig Brehm. Der vollständige Vögelsang. Eine gründliche Anleitung alle europaischen Vögel. Mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Vogelstellerei der Franzosen und Afrikaner. Nebst einer Uebersicht und kurzen Beschreibung aller europäischen Vögel, unter denen sich viele neue Arten befinden. Weimar: Verlag von Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, 1855:362.
Microcarbo pygmaeus [Charles] Bonaparte. Catalogue des oiseaux d’Europe offerts, en 1856, aux ornithologistes. Suivi d’une énumération supplémentaire des espèces algériennes non européennes, d’une liste des espèces acclimatées et d’une autre de celles données à tort comme d’Europe rédigé d’après les dernières classifications de S.A. Monseigneur le Prince Bonaparte, by Émile Parzudaki. Paris: Émile Parzudaki, 1856:10.
Microcarbo africanus (Gmelin, 1789) Reed Cormorant
[Pelecanus] africanus Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:577.
[Graculus (Microcarbo)] africanus George Robert Gray. Hand-list of Genera and Species of Birds, Distinguishing Those Contained in the British Museum. Pt. 3, Struthiones, Grallae, Anseres with Indices of Generic and Specific Names. London: Trustees [of the British Museum], 1871:129.
Microcarbo Africanus A. Bouvier. Afrique occidentale. Catalogue géographique des oiseaux recueillis par MM. A. Marche et Mis de Compiègne dans leur voyage, comprenant les pays suivants: Sénégal, Gambie, Cazamance, Sierra-Leone, Bonny, Vieux-Calabar, cap Lagos, Fernando-Po, Principe, Gabon, Fernand-Vaz et rivière Ogooué, pendant les années 1872-1874. Paris: published by author, 1875:42.
Phalacrocorax Brisson, 1760
Phalacrocorax M. J. Brisson. Ornithologie; ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés. A laquelle on a joint une description exacte de chaque espece, avec les citations des auteurs qui en ont traité, les noms quils leur ont donnés, ceux que leur ont donnés les différentes nations, & les noms vulgaires = Ornithologia; sive, Synopsis methodica sistens avium divisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates. Cum accurata cujusque speciei descriptione, citacionibus auctorum de iis tractantium, nominibus eis ab ipsis & nationibus impositis, nominibusque vulgaribus. Paris: Cl. Jean-Baptiste Bauche, 1760, 1:60 (table); 6:511 (text).
Phalacrocorax nigrogularis Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes, 1899 Socotra Cormorant
Phalacrocorax nigrogularis W. R. Ogilvie-Grant and Henry O. Forbes. “Descriptions of the New Species of Birds.” Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums under the City Council 2, no. 1 (1899): 2–3, 3.
Phalacrocorax lucidus (Lichtenstein, 1823) White-breasted Cormorant
H[alieus] lucidus H. Lichtenstein. Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin, nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Säugethieren, Vögeln, Amphibien und Fischen. Berlin: T. Trautwein, 1823:86.
[Phalacrocorax] lucidus Ch. Bonaparte. “Notes sur les oiseaux des îles Marquises, et particulièrement sur le genre nouveau Serresius.” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 41, no. 26 (1855): 1109–1115, 1114.
Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) Great Cormorant
[Pelecanus] Carbo Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:133.
Phalacrocorax Carbo Petro Pallas [Peter Pallas]. Zoographia rosso-asiatica, sistens omnium animalium in extenso imperio rossico, et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicilia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. Petropoli [Saint Petersburg]: Ex officina Caes. Academiae scientiarum, 1811, 2:297. (Republished as Zoographia rosso-asiatica, sistens omnium animalium in extenso imperio rossico, et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicilia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. Petropoli [Saint Petersburg]: In officina Caesareum Academiae scientiarum impress, 1831, 2:297.)
Phalacrocorax carbo carbo (Linnaeus, 1758)
Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Staunton, 1796)
Pelecanus Sinensis George Staunton. Atlas to Lord Macartney’s Embassy to China. London: G. Nicol, 1796: pl. 37.
[Phalacrocorax carbo] sinensis Carolo Luciano Bonaparte [Charles Lucien Bonaparte]. Conspectus generum avium. Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]: E. J. Brill, “1855” [1857], sig. 22: 169. (Collated and republished as Conspectus generum avium. Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]: E. J. Brill, 1857, 2:169.)
Gulosus Montagu, 1813
Gulosus George Montagu. “Catalogue of Additions and Alterations to Be Made in the Original List of British Birds: Together with Those Species Which Are Deciderata in the Collection of the Author, for Any of Which He Will Be Obliged to His Friends.” In Supplement to the Ornithological Dictionary; or, Synopsis of British Birds. Exeter: S. Woolmer, 1813: [5].
Gulosus aristotelis (Linnaeus, 1761) European Shag
[Pelecanus] aristotelis Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Fauna svecica. Sistens animalia sveciæ regni: mammalia, aves, amphibia, pisces, insecta, vermes, distributa per classes & ordines, genera & species, cum differentiis specierum, synonymis auctorum, nominibus incolarum, locis natalium, descriptionibus insectorum. 2nd ed. Stockholmiæ: Sumtu & Literis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1761, sig. )**(5: [xxiii].
[Gulosus] aristotelis Martyn Kennedy and Hamish G. Spencer. “Classification of the cormorants of the world.” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014): 249–257, 253.
Gulosus aristotelis aristotelis (Linnaeus, 1761)
Gulosus aristotelis riggenbachi (Hartert, 1923)
Phalacrocorax graculus riggenbachi Ernst Hartert. “The Hitherto Known Birds of Marocco,” by Ernst Hartert assisted by F. C. R. Jourdain. Novitates Zoologicae 30, no. 1 (1923): 91–146, 132.
Gulosus aristotelis riggenbachi Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International (2020). “Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International Digital Checklist of the Birds of the World.” Version 5. Last modified December 2020. Accessed 20 December 2022. <http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/Handbook_of_the_Birds_of_the_World_and_BirdLife_International_Digital_Checklist_of_the_Birds_of_the_World_Version_5.pdf>. Genus change recommended by Martyn Kennedy and Hamish G. Spencer. “Classification of the cormorants of the world.” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014): 249–257, 253.
Nannopterum Sharpe, 1899
Nannopterum R. Bowdler Sharpe. A Hand-list of the Genera and Species of Birds. (Nomenclator avium tum fossilium tum viventium). London: Trustees [of the British Museum (Natural History)], 1899, 1:235.
Nannopterum auritum (Lesson, 1831) Double-crested Cormorant
Carbo auritus R. P. Lesson. Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, livr. 8:605. (Collated and republished in Traité d’ornithologie; ou, Tableau méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d’oiseaux. Ouvrage entièrement neuf, formant le catalogue le plus complet des espèces réunies dans les collections publiques de la France. Paris: F. G. Levrault, 1831, 1:605.)
[Nannopterum] auritum Martyn Kennedy and Hamish G. Spencer. “Classification of the cormorants of the world.” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014): 249–257, 253.
THRESKIORNITHIDAE Poche, 1904
Threskiornithidae Franz Poche. “Ein bisher nicht berücksichtigtes zoologisches Werk aus dem Jahre 1758, in dem die Grundsätze der binären Nomenklatur befolgt sind.” Zoologischer Anzeiger, Bd. 27, nos. 16–17 (1904): 495–510, 498.
Threskiornis Gray, 1842
Threskiornis George Robert Gray. Appendix to a List of the Genera of Birds. London: Richard and John E. Taylor, 1842:13.
Threskiornis aethiopicus (Latham, 1790) African Sacred Ibis
[Tantalus] æthiopicus Joannis Latham [John Latham]. Index ornithologicus; sive, Systema ornithologiæ, complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates, adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. Londini [London]: published by author, 1790, 2:706.
T[hreskiornis] æthiopica George Robert Gray. Appendix to a List of the Genera of Birds. London: Richard and John E. Taylor, 1842:13.
Thresciornis æthiopicus J. H. Gurney. “A Seventh Additional List of Birds from Natal.” Ibis, new ser., 1, no. 3 (1865): 263–276, 275.
Threskiornis æthiopicus D. G. Elliott. “Review of the Ibidinæ, or Subfamily of the Ibises.” Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, yr. 1877, pt. 3, nos. 30–32 (1877): 477–510, 486.
Geronticus Wagler, 1832
Geronticus [J. G.] Wagler. “Neue Sippen und Gattungen Säugthiere und Vögel.” Isis von Oken, Jg. 1832, Heft 11 (1832): cols. 1218–1235, 1232.
Geronticus eremita (Linnaeus, 1758) Northern Bald Ibis
[Upupa] Eremita Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:118.
Geronticus eremita O. Kl[einschmidt]. “II. Untergattung: Rapp, Geronticus Wagler.” In Naturgeschichte der Vögel Mitteleuropas, by [J. A.] Naumann. Anniversary ed., edited by Carl R. Hennicke. Bd. 7, Ibisse, Flughühner, Trappen, Krahniche, Rallen. Gera-Untermhaus: Fr. Eugen Köhler, 1899: [199].
Plegadis Kaup, 1829
Plegadis Jakob Kaup. Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und natürliches System der europäischen Thierwelt. Erster Theil, welcher die Vogelsäugethiere und Vögel nebst Andeutung der Entstehung der letzteren aus Amphibien enthält. Darmstadt: Carl Wilhelm Leske, 1829: [82].
Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766) Glossy Ibis
[Tantalus] Falcinellus Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 12th ed. Homiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1766, 1, pt. 1:241.
[Plegadis] falcinellus Charles-Lucien Bonaparte. “Tableaux synoptiques de l’ordre des Hérons.” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 40, no. 14 (1855): 718–725, 725.
Platalea Linnaeus, 1758
Platalea Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:139.
Platalea leucorodia Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Spoonbill
[Platalea] Leucorodia Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:139.
Platalea alba Scopoli, 1786 African Spoonbill
[Platalea] alba Ioannes Antonius Scopoli [Giovanni Antonio Scopoli]. Deliciae florae et faunae insubricae; seu, novae, aut minus cognitae species plantarum et animalium quas in Insubria austriaca tam spontaneas, quam exoticas. Ticini [Pavia]: Monasterii S. Salvatoris, 1786, 2:92.
ARDEIDAE Leach, 1920
Ardeadæ W. E. Leach. Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum. 17th ed. London: Richard and Arthur Taylor, 1820:69.
Ardeidæ Nicholas Aylward Vigors. “Observations on the Natural Affinities That Connect the Orders and Families of Birds.” Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 14, pt. 3 (1825): 395–517, 488n.
Botaurus Stephens, 1819
Botaurus James Francis Stephens. General Zoology; or, Systematic Natural History, Commenced by the Late George Shaw M.D. F.R.S. Vol. 11, pt. 2, Birds. London: J. Walker; Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown; J. and A. Arch; E. Jeffery; Baldwin, Cradock and Joy; R. Scholey; Sherwood, Neely and Jones; G. and W. B. Whittaker; J. Black and Son; W. Lowe; J. Booth; S. Bagster; J. Mawman; R. Fenner; Ogle; Rodwell; J. Robinson; and J. Harper, 1819:592.
Botaurus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Eurasian Bittern
[Ardea] stellaris Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:144.
Botaurus stellaris James Francis Stephens. General Zoology; or, Systematic Natural History, Commenced by the Late George Shaw M.D. F.R.S. Vol. 11, pt. 2, Birds. London: J. Walker; Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown; J. and A. Arch; E. Jeffery; Baldwin, Cradock and Joy; R. Scholey; Sherwood, Neely and Jones; G. and W. B. Whittaker; J. Black and Son; W. Lowe; J. Booth; S. Bagster; J. Mawman; R. Fenner; Ogle; Rodwell; J. Robinson; and J. Harper, 1819:593.
Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett, 1813) American Bittern
A[rdea] lentiginosa Thos. Rackett. Catalogues of the Birds, Shells, and Some of the More Rare Plants, of Dorsetshire. From the New and Enlarged Edition of Mr. Hutchins’s History of That County, by Richard Pulteney. With additions by Thomas Rackett. London: Nichols, Son and Bentley, 1813:14.
Botaurus lentiginosus James Francis Stephens. General Zoology; or, Systematic Natural History, Commenced by the Late George Shaw M.D. F.R.S. Vol. 11, pt. 2, Birds. London: J. Walker; Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown; J. and A. Arch; E. Jeffery; Baldwin, Cradock and Joy; R. Scholey; Sherwood, Neely and Jones; G. and W. B. Whittaker; J. Black and Son; W. Lowe; J. Booth; S. Bagster; J. Mawman; R. Fenner; Ogle; Rodwell; J. Robinson; and J. Harper, 1819:596.
Ixobrychus Billberg, 1828
Ixobrychus G. J. Billberg. Synopsis faunae Scandinaviae. Vol. 1, pt. 2, Aves. Holmiæ: Ex officina typogr. Caroli Deleen, 1828:166.
Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin, 1789) Least Bittern
[Ardea] exilis Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:645.
Ardeola exilis William Jardine. American Ornithology; or, The Natural History of the Birds of the United States, by Alexander Wilson. With a continuation by Charles Lucien Bonaparte and with notes and a biography of Wilson by William Jardine. London: Whittaker, Treacher and Arnot, 1832, 3:59. Genus change suggested by Charles Bonaparte. “Observations on the Nomenclature of Wilson’s Ornithology [Part 5].” Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 5, pt. 1 (1825): 57–106, 61.
Ardetta exilis [John Edward Gray]. List of the Specimen of Birds in the Collection of the British Museum. Pt. 2, sect. 2, Gallinæ, Grallæ, and Anseres. London: Trustees [of the British Museum], 1844:83.
Ixobrychus exilis J. A. Allen, Charles W. Richmond, William Brewster, Jonathan Dwight Jr., C. Hart Merriam, Robert Ridgway and Witmer Stone. “Fourteenth Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-list of North American Birds.” Auk 25, no. 3 (1908): 343–399, 364. Genus change demonstrated by Witmer Stone. “Some Changes in the Current Generic Names of North American Birds.” Auk 24, no. 2 (1907): 189–199, 192 and J. A. Allen. “A List of the Genera and Subgenera of North American Birds, with Their Types, According to Article 30 of the International Code of Zoölogical Nomenclature.” Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 24 (1908): 1–50, 36.
Ixobrychus minutus (Linnaeus, 1766) Little Bittern
[Ardea] minuta Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 12th ed. Homiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1766, 1, pt. 1:240.
[Ixobrychus] minutus G. J. Billberg. Synopsis faunae Scandinaviae. Vol. 1, pt. 2, Aves. Holmiæ: Ex officina typogr. Caroli Deleen, 1828:167.
Ixobrychus sinensis (Gmelin, 1789) Yellow Bittern
[Ardea] Sinensis Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:642.
Ixobrychus sinensis Richard C. McGregor. A Manual of Philippine Birds. Pt. 1, Galliformes to Eurylæmiformes. Bureau of Science Publication No. 2. Manilla: Bureau of Printing, 1909:178.
Ixobrychus eurhythmus (Swinhoe, 1873) Von Schrenck’s Bittern
Ardetta eurhythma Robert Swinhoe. “On a New Species of Little Bittern from China.” Ibis, 3rd ser., 3, no. 9 (1873): 73–74, 74.
Ixobrychus eurhythma E. D. van Oort. “An Overlooked Heron of the Javan Ornis.” Notes from the Leyden Museum 32, no. 3 (1910): 210.
Ixobrychus eurhythmus Ernst Hartert. Die Vögel der paläarktischen Fauna. Systematische Übersicht der in Europa, Nord-Asien und der Mittelmeerregion vorkommenden Vögel. R. Friedländer & Sohn, 1920, Heft 10 (Bd. 2, Heft 4): 1207–1344, 1259. (Collated and republished in Die Vögel der paläarktischen Fauna. Systematische Übersicht der in Europa, Nord-Asien und der Mittelmeerregion vorkommenden Vögel. R. Friedländer & Sohn, 1921, Bd. 2:1259.)
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Gmelin, 1789) Cinnamon Bittern
[Ardea] cinnamomea Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:643.
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus Richard C. McGregor. A Manual of Philippine Birds. Pt. 1, Galliformes to Eurylæmiformes. Bureau of Science Publication No. 2. Manilla: Bureau of Printing, 1909:179.
Ixobrychus sturmii (Wagler, 1827) Dwarf Bittern
A[rdea] Sturmii Joannes Wagler [Johann Wagler]. Systema avium. Stuttgartiae and Tubingae: Sumsibus J. G. Cottae, 1827: [191].
Ixobrychus sturmi Ernst Hartert. Die Vögel der paläarktischen Fauna. Systematische Übersicht der in Europa, Nord-Asien und der Mittelmeerregion vorkommenden Vögel. R. Friedländer & Sohn, 1920, Heft 10 (Bd. 2, Heft 4): 1207–1344, 1261. (Collated and republished in Die Vögel der paläarktischen Fauna. Systematische Übersicht der in Europa, Nord-Asien und der Mittelmeerregion vorkommenden Vögel. R. Friedländer & Sohn, 1921, Bd. 2:1261.)
Ixobrychus sturmii James Lee Peters. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1931, 1:123.
Nycticorax Forster, 1817
Nycticorax Thomas Forster. A Synoptical Catalogue of British Birds: Intended to Identify the Species Mentioned by Different Names in Several Catalogues Already Extant. Forming a Book of Reference to Observations on British Ornithology. London: Nichols, Son and Bentley, 1817:59.
Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758) Black-crowned Night Heron
[Ardea] Nycticorax Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:142.
[Nycticorax] nycticorax [Hinrich Lichtenstein]. Nomenclator avium Musei zoologici berolinensis. Namenverzeichniss der in der zoologischen Sammlung der Königlichen Universität zu Berlin aufgestellten Arten von Vögeln nach den in der neueren Systematik am meisten zur Geltung gekommenen Namen der Gattungen und ihrer Unterabtheilungen. Berlin: Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1854:90.
Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus, 1758)
Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli (Gmelin, 1789)
[Ardea] Hoactli Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:630.
Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli James Lee Peters. “Notes on Some Night Herons.” Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 39 (1930): 263–277, 265. (Not seen.)
Nyctanassa Stejneger, 1887
Nyctanassa Leonhard Stejneger. “Review of Japanese Birds. V: Ibises, Storks, and Herons.” Proceedings of the United States National Museum 10, [no. 628] (1887): 271–319, 295n.
Nyctanassa violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) Yellow-crowned Night Heron
[Ardea] violacea Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:143.
Nyctanassa violacea Leonhard Stejneger. “Review of Japanese Birds. V: Ibises, Storks, and Herons.” Proceedings of the United States National Museum 10, [no. 628] (1887): 271–319, 295n.
Butorides Blyth, 1852
Butorides Edward Blyth. Catalogue of the Birds in the Museum Asiatic Society. Calcutta: [Asiatic] Society, “1849” [1852]: 281.
Butorides virescens (Linnaeus, 1758) Green Heron
[Ardea] virescens Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:144.
[Butorides] virescens Charles-Lucien Bonaparte. “Tableaux synoptiques de l’ordre des Hérons.” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 40, no. 14 (1855): 718–725, 722.
Butorides striata (Linnaeus, 1758) Striated Heron
[Ardea] striata Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:144.
Butorides striata S. F. Baird, T. M. Brewer and R. Ridgway. The Water Birds of North America. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, vol. 12. Boston: Little, Brown, 1884, 1:50n.
Ardeola Boie, 1822
Ardeola F. Boie. “Ueber Classification, insonderheit der europäischen Vögel.” Isis von Oken, Jg. 1822, Bd. 1, Heft 5 (1822): cols. 545–564, 559.
Ardeola ralloides (Scopoli, 1769) Squacco Heron
Ardea ralloides Ioannis Antonii Scopoli [Giovanni Antonio Scopoli]. Annus I historico-naturalis. Descriptiones avium musei proprii earumque rariorum, quas vidit in vivario augustiis imperatoris, et in museo excell. comitis Francisci Annib. Turriani. Lipsiæ [Leipzig]: Sumtib. Christ. Gottlob Hilscheri, 1769:88.
[Ardeola] ralloides F. Boie. “Ueber Classification, insonderheit der europäischen Vögel.” Isis von Oken, Jg. 1822, Bd. 1, Heft 5 (1822): cols. 545–564, 559.
Ardeola grayii (Sykes, 1832) Indian Pond Heron
Ardea Grayii W. H. Sykes. “Catalogues of Birds (Systematically Arranged) of the Rasorial, Grallatorial, and Natatorial Orders, Observed in the Dukhun.” Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London, pt. 2, no. 23 (1832): 149–172, 158.
A[rdea (Ardeola)] Grayi Edward Blyth. Catalogue of the Birds in the Museum Asiatic Society. Calcutta: [Asiatic] Society, “1849” (1852): 281.
Ardeola grayii E. W. H. Holdsworth. “Catalogue of the Birds Found in Ceylon: With Some Remarks on Their Habits and Local Distribution, and Descriptions of two New Species Peculiar to the Islands.” Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, yr. 1872, no. 30 (1872): 478.
Ardeola bacchus (Bonaparte, 1855) Chinese Pond Heron
[Buphus] bacchus Charles-Lucien Bonaparte. “Tableaux synoptiques de l’ordre des Hérons.” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 40, no. 14 (1855): 718–725, 722.
[Ardea (Ardeola)] bacchus George Robert Gray. Hand-list of Genera and Species of Birds, Distinguishing Those Contained in the British Museum. Pt. 3, Struthiones, Grallae, Anseres with Indices of Generic and Specific Names. London: Trustees [of the British Museum], 1871:30.
A[rdeola] bacchus Robert Swinhoe. “On the Ornithology of Hainan [Part 3].” Ibis, new ser., 6, no. 23 (1870): 342–367, 365.
Bubulcus Bonaparte, 1855
Bubulcus Charles-Lucien Bonaparte. “Tableaux synoptiques de l’ordre des Hérons.” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 40, no. 14 (1855): 718–725, 722.
Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758) Western Cattle Egret
[Ardea] Ibis Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:144.
[Bubulcus] ibis Charles-Lucien Bonaparte. “Tableaux synoptiques de l’ordre des Hérons.” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 40, no. 14 (1855): 718–725, 722.
Bubulcus coromandus (Boddaert, 1783) Eastern Cattle Egret
Cancroma Coromanda [P.] Boddaert. Table des planches enluminéez d’histoire naturelle de M. d’Aubenton. Avec les denominations de M. M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnæus et Latham, precedé d’une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés. Utrecht: [published by author?], 1783:54.
[Bubulcus] coromanda Charles-Lucien Bonaparte. “Tableaux synoptiques de l’ordre des Hérons.” Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 40, no. 14 (1855): 718–725, 722.
[Bubulcus] coromandelensis Carolo Luciano Bonaparte [Charles Lucien Bonaparte]. Conspectus generum avium. Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]: E. J. Brill, 1855, sig. 16: 125. (Collated and republished as Conspectus generum avium. Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]: E. J. Brill, 1857, 2:125.)
Bubulcus coromandus Robert Swinhoe. “A Revised Catalogue of the Birds of China and its Islands, with Descriptions of New Species, References to Former Notes, and Occasional Remarks.” Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, yr. 1871, pt. 2, nos. 22–26, 25 (1871): 337–423, 412.
Ardea Linnaeus, 1758
Ardea Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:141.
Ardea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758 Grey Heron
[Ardea] cinerea Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:143.
Ardea cinerea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758
Ardea cinerea monicae Jouanin and Roux, 1963
Ardea cinerea monicae Chr. Jouanin and Fr. Roux. “Une race nouvelle de Héron Cendré Ardea cinerea monicae.” L’Oiseau et la Revue Française d’Ornithologie 33 (1963): 103–106, 104. (Not seen.)
Ardea herodias Linnaeus, 1758 Great Blue Heron
[Ardea] Herodias Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:143.
Ardea melanocephala Children and Vigors, 1826 Black-headed Heron
Ardea melanocephala [John George Children and Nicholas Aylward Vigors]. “Appendix No. XXI: Zoology.” In Narrative of Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa, in the Years 1822, 1823, and 1824 by Major Denham, Captain Clapperton, and the Late Doctor Oudney, Extending across the Great Desert to the Tenth Degree of Northern Latitude and from Kouka in Bornou, to Sackatoo, the Capital of the Fellatah Empire, by Dixan Denham and Hugh Clapperton. London: John Murray, 1826:183–207, 201.
Ardea goliath Cretzschmar, 1829 Goliath Heron
Ardea Goliath Ph. J. Cretschmar. Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Afrika von Eduard Rüppell: Vögel. Frankfurt am Main: Heinr. Ludw. Brönner, “1826” [1829], lief. 14: 39, pl. 26. (Collated and republished in “Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Afrika von Eduard Rüppell: Vögel.” In Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Afrika von Eduard Rüppell. Abt. 1, Zoologie, edited by Senkenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft. Frankfurt am Main: Heinr. Ludw. Brönner, “1826” [1829?]: 39, pl. 26.
Ardea purpurea Linnaeus, 1766 Purple Heron
[Ardea] purpurea Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 12th ed. Homiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1766, 1, pt. 1:236.
Ardea purpurea purpurea Linnaeus, 1766
Ardea purpurea bournei Naurois, 1966
Ardea purpurea bournei René de Naurois. “Le Héron pourpré de l’archipel de Cap-Vert Ardea purpurea bournei ssp. nov.” L’Oiseau et la Revue française d’ornithologie 36 (1966): 89–94, 89.
Ardea alba Linnaeus, 1758 Great Egret
[Ardea] alba Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:144.
Ardea alba alba Linnaeus, 1758
Ardea alba egretta Gmelin, 1789
[Ardea] Egretta Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:629.
Ardea alba egretta E. A. Abadie. “List of North American Birds. Arranged in Accordance with the Nomenclature of C. L. Bonaparte.” In “Letter from Surgeon General Lawson, Presenting to the National Institute a Valuable Collection of the Birds of the United States, in the Name of Dr. E. A. Abadie, U.S.A., by Whom They Were Collected and Prepared,” by Francis Markoe. Bulletin of the National Institute for the Promotion of Science, no. 4 (1846): 526–530, 529.
Ardea intermedia Wagler, 1829 Intermediate Egret
A[rdea] intermedia [J. G.] Wagler. “Beiträge und Bemerkungen zo dem ernsten Bandes eines Systema avium [Part 2].” Isis von Oken, Bd. 22, Heft. 6 (1829): col. 645–664, 659.
Egretta Forster, 1817
Egretta Thomas Forster. “Catalogue and Generic Division of British Birds.” In A Synoptical Catalogue of British Birds: Intended to Identify the Species Mentioned by Different Names in Several Catalogues Already Extant. Forming a Book of Reference to Observations on British Ornithology. London: Nichols, Son and Bentley, 1817: [43]–64, 59.
Egretta ardesiaca (Wagler, 1827) Black Heron
A[rdea] ardesiaca Joannes Wagler [Johann Wagler]. Systema avium. Stuttgartiae and Tubingae: Sumsibus J. G. Cottae, 1827: [181], Ardea no. 20.
Egretta ardesiaca Carolo Luciano Bonaparte [Charles Lucien Bonaparte]. Conspectus generum avium. Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]: E. J. Brill, 1855, sig. 16: 122. (Collated and republished as Conspectus generum avium. Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]: E. J. Brill, 1857, 2:122.) (Syn.)
Egretta tricolor (Müller, 1776) Tricolored Heron
Ardea tricolor Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller. Des Ritters Carl von Linné Vollständiges Natursystem. [Bd. 7], Supplements und Register Band über aller sechs Theile oder Classen des Thierreichs. Nürnberg: Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe, 1776:111.
Egretta tricolor Ernst Mayer and Lester L. Short. Species Taxa of North American Birds: A Contribution to Comparative Systematics. Publications of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, no. 9, edited by Raymond A. Paynter Jr. Cambridge, MA: [Nuttall Ornithological] Club, 1970:7, 30.
Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) Little Blue Heron
[Ardea] cærulea Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:143.
Egretta cærulea William Jardine. American Ornithology; or, The Natural History of the Birds of the United States, by Alexander Wilson. With a continuation by Charles Lucien Bonaparte and with notes and a biography of Wilson by William Jardine. London: Whittaker, Treacher and Arnot, 1832, 3:59.
Egretta thula (Molina, 1782) Snowy Egret
Ardea Thula Giovanni Ignazio Molina. Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chili del Signor Abate. Bologna: S. Tommaso d’Aquino, 1782:235.
Egretta thula John Cassin. “Birds.” In The U.S. Naval Astronomical Expedition to the Southern Hemisphere, during the Years 1849–’50–’51–’52, by J. M. Gilliss. House of Representatives, 33d Congress, 1st Session, Ex. Doc. No. 121. Washington, DC: A. O. P. Nicholson, 1855, 2:193.
Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766) Little Egret
[Ardea] Garzetta Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 12th ed. Homiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1766, 1, pt. 1:237.
[Egretta] Garzetta William Swainson. On the Natural History and Classification of Birds. The Cabinet Cyclopædia, vol. 92, edited by Dionysius Lardner. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, and John Taylor, 1837, 2:354.
Egretta gularis (Bosc, 1792) Western Reef Heron
Ardea gularis [L. A. G.] Bosc. “Ardea gularis.” Actes de la société d’histoire naturelle de Paris 1, pt. 1 (1792): 4, pl. 2.
[Egretta] gularis Eduard Rüppell. Systematische Uebersicht der Vögel Nord-Ost-Afrika’s, nebst Abbildung und Beschreibung von fünfzig Theils unbekannten, Theils noch nicht bildlich dargestellten Arten. Frankfurt a[m] M[ain]: S. Schmerber’schen Buchhandlung, 1845:121.
Egretta gularis gularis (Bosc, 1792)
Egretta gularis schistacea (Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1828)
[Ardea] schistacea Friderici Guilelmi Hemprich [Wilhelm Friedrich Hemprich] and Christiani Godofredi Ehrenberg [Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg]. Symbolae physicae; seu, Icones et descriptiones corporum naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum quae ex itineribus per Libyam Aegyptum Nubiam Dongalam Syriam Arabiam et Habessiniam. Pars zoologica I. Aves. Berolini [Berlin]: Ex Officina academica, 1828: pl. [6], text “1828” [1833]: sig. i.
Egretta gularis schistacea J. Berlioz. “Étude de la Collection d’Oiseaux rapportée par la Mission Du Bourg-de-Bozas de l’Afrique tropicale (1902–1903) [Part 3].” Bulletin du Muséum national d’histoire naturelle 28, no. 6 (1922): 394–398, 397.
PELECANIDAE Rafinesque, 1815
Pelicanea C. S. Rafinesque. Analyse de la nature; ou, Tableau de l’univers et des corps organisés. Palerme [Palermo]: published by author, 1815:72.
Pelicanidæ W. E. Leach. Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum. 17th ed. London: Richard and Arthur Taylor, 1820:69.
Pelecanidæ Nicholas Aylward Vigors. “Observations on the Natural Affinities That Connect the Orders and Families of Birds.” Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 14, pt. 3 (1825): 395–517, 498.
Pelecanus Linnaeus, 1758
Pelecanus Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:132.
Pelecanus onocrotalus Linnaeus, 1758 Great White Pelican
[Pelecanus] Onocrotalus Caroli Linnæi [Carl Linnaeus]. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Holmiæ [Stockholm]: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758, 1:132.
Pelecanus rufescens Gmelin, 1789 Pink-backed Pelican
[Pelecanus] rufescens Jo. Fridr. Gmelin. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species: cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, by Caroli a Linné [Carl Linnaeus]. 13th edn., edited by Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Lugduni [Lyon]: J. B. Delamolliere, 1789, 1, pt. 2:571.
Pelecanus crispus Bruch, 1832 Dalmatian Pelican
Pelecanus crispus [C. F.] Bruch. “Ornithologische Mittheilungen.” Isis von Oken, Jg. 1832, Heft 10 (1832): 1105–1111, 1109.